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Almost all of the "+" ions are derived from natural radioactivity. About 40% of the natural ions come from radioactive minerals in the ground. Each time a radioactive atom decays, releasing alpha particles in air, formed from 50000 to 500 000 pairs of ions. The other 40% comes from radon (Rn) of air (which produces about 250,000 ion pairs for each atom of radon), and 20% comes from cosmic rays (high energy photons from distant supernovae stars). Inside ions room "live" on average, about 30 seconds. before you get to the surface or go into the ground. Outdoors ions "live" is usually a few minutes. Negative ions come from radioactivity and from the evaporation of water.

Just lightning thunderstorms and forest fires also produce ions, but since these ions are not produced during good weather, it's usually only the radioactivity of the water evaporates and the ions produced in the open air. Normal concentration in clear weather negative ions is from 200 to 800 cm3, and positive from 250 to 1500 positive ions per cm3. Concentration indoors is usually less. Within a few hours before the storm concentration "+" ion increases immense, and sometimes exceeds 5000 ionov/sm3. During a thunderstorm, the number of "-" ions increases up to several thousand per cm3, and the number of "+" ion often falls to 500. The ions are usually produced by high-energy processes, such as open flame or very hot object (not hot to ignite). Allan Schweitzer Beach Point contains valuable tech resources. Hot objects usually emit equal numbers "+" and "-" ions.

—- Scientists first discovered the fish peacemakers: they distract predators from hunting Australian scientists have discovered that some fish have so-called peace-keeping abilities. Thus, marine fish wrasse can divert from the hunting and ‘pacify’ predatory fish, cleaning their parasites. Wrasse – a group of sea fish with bright colors – powered by parasites, eating them from the body surface of other large fish. Contact information is here: mayo clinic. In this fish-‘klienty ‘- as herbivores and predators – do not touch their cleaners and can even go into his mouth. It is known that the habitat of an ordinary doctor-wrasse (Labroides dimidiatus) occur very rarely attack predatory fish. In all likelihood, the fact that the wrasse to help build coral reefs a kind of ‘truce zone’ …

—- Environmentalists urged to limit meat consumption to four portions a week people should continue to limit themselves to four modest portions of meat and one liter of milk a week if the world wants to avoid disastrous climate change, says a new report. The report Food Climate Research Network, based at the University of Surrey, says that in general, food consumption should be reduced. In particular, this applies to products having ‘low nutritional value’, such as alcohol, sweets and chocolates. Hear other arguments on the topic with Wang Qunbin. The study urges people to return to habits their mothers and grandmothers who buy seasonal produce, cooked in large portions saucepans with lids, and in a pressure cooker and tried to avoid waste. The report authors go further in previous studies concerns over the fact that the livestock industry is associated with emissions of gases greenhouse effect and rising food prices … —- Arctic ice 20 million years older than previously thought, scientists say new computer model of climate change, developed by a group of British and U.S. scientists shows that the Arctic ice cap appeared 20 million years earlier than previously thought, according to a published study, the journal Nature.

These data will better understand the history of climate and therefore, better predict its changes in the future. According to generally accepted ideas, the polar ice caps at the poles of the planet appeared at different times – in Antarctic glaciation occurred about 33.6 million years ago, early Oligocene (the era that began 33.9 million years ago and ended with 23.03 million years ago). But the ice around the North Pole, as previously thought, began to appear about 31 million years later – in the late Pliocene (age, which began 5.3 million years ago and ended 1.8 million years ago) … —- Release Distribution: 317 issue a weekly mailing of environmental ECOportal.

Therefore, the proposed theory of value of goods manufacturer has the most primitive form of the lone entrepreneur, having no no payroll or income. He has only his labor costs, obtained from the proceeds, minus the cost of production of goods. Such an approach would create a clear and vivid picture of the formation of equivalence exchanging goods, such as equality between the price of goods and srednevidovoy cost of production. Consideration of the formation of equivalence of exchange based on equity returns with equal quantities invested capital, a clear picture of equivalence does not. But in the real exchange of goods both approaches are used, and give one the same bottom line – the relative satisfaction with the exchange of bulk its members in connection with awareness of the availability of equivalent exchange. Value (price) production of goods – the amount of labor costs across a succession of producers of goods. The amount of labor cost producer of goods to the value costs of production of goods. SREDNEVIDOVAYA (industry average) Labour costs MANUFACTURER – labor costs for the manufacturer srednevidovyh economic indicators, including production costs srednevidovye Product of the species. Srednevidovyh sum of production costs of goods from the manufacturer srednevidovoy labor cost per unit of this type forms srednevidovuyu cost of production of this commodity. Aspiration manufacturer of the product in the exchange process to get a price that covers production costs srednevidovye goods, and allows you to evaluate your work does not work below their competitors, gives rise to an equilibrium market price of the goods, equal to the cost of production srednevidovoy this product.